• Demonstrate a thorough knowledge of key concepts and theoretical perspectives related to food security and entrepreneurship presented in the course as well as the UN’s Principles for Responsible Management Education.
• Demonstrate a strong comprehension of methods used to innovate new products and services related to enhanced food security in developed, emerging and ‘Bottom of the Pyramid’ economies.
• Explain methods that can be used to identify, evaluate, and exploit entrepreneurship opportunities associated with food security in diverse global contexts.
• Describe instructive examples of changing behavior in order to enhance food security in different geopolitical contexts.
• Outline key considerations in designing implementation strategies for initiatives to improve global food security taking the local context into account.

Global food security is expected to remain a formidable challenge for at least the next 50 years. Efforts to make progress toward addressing this highly complex and highly diverse issue will require changes in a number of respects, including changes to investment and also policy. This course will explore the potential contribution of entrepreneurs with their capacity to advance market-based solutions – developing the entrepreneurial ecosystem for co-creating solutions that could address the three interrelated pillars of the food security problem – availability, affordability and usability in terms of quality and safety.
 
This course has been specifically designed to take into account the UN Principles for Responsible Management (PRME) agreement, an agreement to which CBS is a signatory. It has been designed to provide a comprehensive overview of this major global issue through the use of three highly diverse cases:
 
 

1. A developed economy – Denmark, ranked #3 on the Global Food Security Index 2013: an examination of the Nordic Food Lab’s experimentation aimed at investigating local raw materials and ways of enhancing their deliciousness, reconciling biochemistry and gastronomy to reflect Nordic identity.
2. An emerging economy – Indonesia, a ‘MINT’ economy along with Mexico, Nigeria and Turkey forecast to be the next economic powerhouses: an examination of policy and its impact on small-scale farmers producing food staples, rice in particular.
3. A ‘Bottom of the Pyramid’ economy – Kenya, where 65% of the population is living below the poverty line: an examination of social entrepreneurship opportunities created through use of wastes from coffee and other agricultural crops.

Also integrated into the course design is an opportunity to examine considerations related to CBS’s three strategic platforms – sustainability, public-private partnerships and competitiveness.
 
For the Preliminary Assignment students will work in groups in Class 3 to develop a solution for a problem related to global trends in food security and lead a short class discussion on their approach to finding a solution quickly in a group situation. For the Mandatory Mid-term Assignment students will work in groups in Class 5 to develop a solution to a problem related to food security and the role of innovation in a developed economy and lead a short class discussion on the challenges that they encountered.
 
Class Schedule
 

Bingham, Christopher B. and Eisenhardt, Kathleen M. (2011), Rational heuristics: The ‘simple rules’ that strategists learn from process experience,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol.32, No.13, pp. 1437–1464.
 
Cheng, Beiting, Ioannou, Ioannis and Serafeim, George (2014), Corporate social responsibility and access to finance,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp.1–23.
 
Clapp, Jennifer (2006), “WTO agriculture negotiations: Implications for the Global South”, Third World Quarterly, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 563-577.
 
Ejeta, Gebisa (2009), “Revitalizing agricultural research for global food security,” Food Security, Vol. 1, pp. 391-401.
 
Falcon, Walter and Naylor, Rosamond (2005), “Rethinking food security for the 21^st Century,” American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 87, pp.1113-27.
 
FAO (2010), Growing greener cities. Rome: FAO.
 
FAO (2012), The state of food insecurity in the world: Economic growth is necessary but not sufficient to accelerate reduction of hunger and malnutrition. Rome: FAO.
 
Jeong, Yujin and Weiner, Robert J. (2012), “Who bribes? Evidence from the United Nations' oil-for-food program,”Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 33, No. 12, pp.1363–1383.
 
Julian, S. and Ofori-dankwa, J. (2013), “Financial resource availability and corporate social responsibility expenditures in a sub-Saharan economy: The institutional difference hypothesis,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 34, No. 11, pp. 1314-1330.
 
Lal, R. (2004), “Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security,” Science, Vol. 304, No. 5677, pp. 1623-1627.
 
London, Ted, Anupindi, Ravi and Sheth, Sateen (2010),”Creating mutual value: Lessons learned from ventures serving base of the pyramid producers,” Journal of Business Research, Vol. 63, No. 6, pp. 582-594.
 
Lounsbury, Michael and Glynn,Mary Ann (2001), “Cultural entrepreneurship: stories, legitimacy, and the acquisition of resources,” Strategic Management Journal, Special Issue: Strategic Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Strategies for Wealth Creation, Vol. 22, No. 6-7, pp. 545–564.
 
Maxwell, Simon (1996), “Food security: A Post-Modern Perspective,” Food Policy, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 155-170.
 
Nidumolu, R., Prahalad, C.K. and Rangaswami, M.R. (2009), “Why sustainability is now the key driver of innovation,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 87, No. 9, pp. 57-64.
 
Porter, M. and M. Kramer (2011), “Creating shared value: How to reinvent capitalism – and unleash a wave of innovation and growth,” Harvard Business Review, January/February, pp. 63-77.
 
Robertson, G.P. and Swinton, S.M. (2005), “Reconciling agricultural productivity and environmental integrity: A grand challenge for agriculture,” Frontiers in Ecology, Vol. 3, pp. 38-46.
 
Rosegrant, Mark W. and Cline, Sarah A. (2003), “Global food security: Challenges and policies, Science, Vol. 302, No. 5652, pp. 1917-1919.
 
Sakarya, Sema, Bodur, Muzaffer, Yildirim-Öktem, Özlem and Selekler-Göksen, Nisan (2012), “Social alliances: Business and social enterprise collaboration for social transformation,” Journal of Business Research, Vol.65, No. 12, pp.1710-1720.
 
The Global Food Security Index http:/​/​foodsecurityindex.eiu.com/​
 
Thornton, Philip K. (2010), “Livestock production: Recent trends, future prospects,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 365, pp. 2853-2867.
 
Timmer, C. Peter (2000), “The macro dimensions of food security: Economic growth, equitable distribution, and food price stability,” Food Policy, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 283-295.
 
Tokarick, Stephen (2008), “Dispelling some misconceptions about agricultural trade liberalization,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 22, No.1, pp.199-216.
 
Readings on the Denmark case:
 
Byrkjeflot, Haldor, Strandgaard, Jesper and Svejenova, Silviya (2013), From label to practice: The process of creating New Nordic Cuisine, Journal of Culinary Science & Technology, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 36-55.
 
Evans, Josh (2012), "Non-Trivial Pursuit - New approaches to Nordic deliciousness," Anthropology of Food, S7 2012.
 
Evans, Josh (2013), "Insect gastronomy," Cereal Magazine, Vol. 3, UK: Taylor Brothers.
 
Evans, Josh (2013), "Cereal killing," Wolf Magazine, Vol. 2, 10 June 2013.
 
Hermansen, Mark Emil Tholstrup (2012), “Creating terroir: An anthropological perspective on new Nordic cuisine as an expression of Nordic identity,” Anthropology of Food, S7 2012.
 
Mouritsen, Ole G., Williams, Lars, Bjerregaard, Rasmus and Duelund, Lars (2012), “Seaweeds for umami flavour in the New Nordic Cuisine,” Flavour Journal, Vol. 1, No. 4, 21 March 2012.
 
Risbo, Jens, Mouritsen, Ole G., Frøst, M0íchael B. and Reade, Ben (2013), "Culinary science in Denmark: Molecular gastronomy and beyond," Journal of Culinary Science and Technology, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 111-30.
 
Readings on the Indonesia case:
 
Belsky, Jill M. and Siebert, Stephen F. (2003), “Cultivating cacao Implications of sun-grown cacao on local food security and environmental sustainability,” Agriculture and Human Values, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 277-285.
 
Dillon, H.S. (2004), “Food security in Indonesia,” The 6th Asian Development Research Forum General Meeting - Food Security in Asian Countries in the Context of the Millennium Goals, Bangkok, Thailand, 14p.
 
Lovendal, Christian Romer and Knowles, Marco (2006), “Tomorrow's hunger: A framework for analysing vulnerability to food security,” Research Paper, UNU-WIDER, United Nations University (UNU), No. 2006/119.
 
Mittal, Anuradha (2009), “The 2008 food price crisis: Rethinking food security policies, G-24 Discussion Paper Series No. 56, New York & Geneva: UN Conference on Trade and Development.
 
Thrupp, Lori Ann (2000), “Linking agricultural biodiversity and food security: The valuable role of agrobiodiversity for sustainable agriculture,”International Affairs, Vol.76, No. 2, pp. 283–297.
 
Warr, Peter G., (2011), “Food security vs. food self-sufficiency: The Indonesian Case,” Crawford School Research Paper No. 2011/04.
 
Readings on the Kenya case:
 
Gathuo, B., Rantala, P. and Määttä, R. (1991), “Coffee industry wastes,” Water Science & Technology, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 53–60.
 
Gregory, P.J. , Ingram, J.S. and Brklacich, M. (2005), “Climate change and food security,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, Vol. 360, pp. 2139-2148.
 
Hyder, A.A., Maman, S., Nyoni, J.E., Khasiani, S.A., Teoh, N., Premji, Z., and Sohani, S. (2005), “The pervasive triad of food security, gender inequity and women's health: exploratory research from sub-Saharan Africa,” African Health Sciences, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 328-334.
 
Khavul, Susanna, Bruton, Garry D. and Wood, Eric (2009), “Informal family business in Africa,” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 1219-1238.
 
Kivaisi, Amelia Kajumulo, Assefa, Berhanu, Hashim, Suhaila Omar and Mshandete, Anthony Manoni (2010),”Sustainable utilization of agro-industrial wastes through integration of bio-energy and mushroom production,” International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI).
 
Njenga, Mary, Romney, Dannie, Karanja, Nancy, Gachuru, Kurin, Kimani, Stephen, Carson, Sammy and Frost, Will (2010), “Recycling nutrients from organic wastes in Kenya’s capital city, Chapter 10, pp. 193-212 In Prain, Gordon, Karanja, Nancy and Lee-Smith, Diana (Eds.) African urban harvest: Agriculture in the cities of Cameroon, Kenya and Uganda, Springer.
 
Plyler, Megan, Haas, Sherry and Nagarajan, Geetha (2010), “Community level economic effects of M-PESA in Kenya: Initial findings,” The Financial Services Assessment Project, IRIS Center, University of Maryland College Park, 4p.
 
Van der Vossen, H.A.M. (2005),”A critical analysis of the agronomic and economic sustainability of organized coffee production,” Experimental Agriculture,Vol. 41, pp. 449-473.